In the last 20 years, endoscopic approaches have revolutionized the treatment of skull base tumors. Currently, endoscopic transphenoidal surgery has become the standard approach for resection of pituitary adenomas in most centers, allowing for improved visualization and resection of lesions with supra- and parasellar extension. Understanding of the anatomy of the sella and parasellar regions and comprehension of surgical techniques for endoscopic approaches are mandatory for successful application of this approach.  In this course, we aim to discuss the anatomy related to the transphenoidal approaches to the skull base, surgical indications and review of clinical cases.  The curriculum will focus on education and training of residents in endoscopic transphenoidal surgery.